Green Chemistry Essay -- essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Green Chemistry   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Many companies all over the world produce chemicals for their products that are harmful to the environment, human health, and to all living species. Green Chemistry is the use of chemistry for the prevention of chemical pollution to the environment by using chemicals that are benign, or not harmful. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) states that the mission of Green Chemistry is, â€Å"To promote innovative chemical technologies that reduce or eliminate the use or generation of hazardous substances in the design, manufacture, and use of chemical products.† Green Chemistry contains any aspects and types of chemical processes that reduce the negative effects of certain chemicals, in a way, using chemistry to fight chemistry.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Green Chemistry started after the Pollution Prevention Act of 1990 was passed. The Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics (OPPT) began to develop ways to make chemical products and processes less hazardous to humans and the environment. There are many principles of Green Chemistry; to prevent waste, to use less hazardous chemical synthesis, design safer chemicals and solvents, make chemicals more energy and cost efficient, reduce derivatives and toxins, prevention of pollution, and accident reduction.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There are many companies...

Consider the presentation of Beatrice and Benedick’s relationship early in the play, in particular, how does Shakespeare make Act two Scene 3 entertaining for the audience? Essay

[Consider the presentation of Beatrice and Benedick’s relationship early in the play, in particular, how does Shakespeare make Act two Scene 3 entertaining for the audience?] â€Å"Much Ado About Nothing† was written by William Shakespeare in the late 1500’s, and is set in Messina, Sicily. The play is a comedy, about love and deception, and in it we see a battle of the sexes and themes such as, love, hate, jealousy and friendship. The play centres around two relationships, one between sharp-witted Beatrice and light-hearted Benedick, and another between young lovers Hero and Claudio. To pass time, Don Pedro sets a â€Å"Lover’s Trap† for Benedick, a bachelor, and Beatrice, his favourite arguing partner. Meanwhile, the evil, Don John conspires to break up Hero’s and Claudio’s marriage by accusing Hero of having an affair. Shakespeare interweaves two plots in this story which in the end, as the title says all turns out to be ‘Much Ado About Nothing.’ In the beginning of the play Shakespeare presents Benedick as a light-hearted character, he does this by showing the audience that Benedick is witty and has clever insults when he is mocking Beatrice, â€Å"I would that my horse had the speed, and so a good continuer.† Shakespeare is preparing the way for the audience to realise Benedick is perfectly matched with Beatrice way before he does, even when he teases her he uses metaphors and word play, this is a form of dramatic irony. Benedick is the entertainer; he uses witty hyperbole to express his feelings. Benedick vows he will not marry. He engages in a competition to outwit, Beatrice, but his friends Don Pedro, and Claudio, believe he has deeper feelings for Beatrice. Act 2 scene 3 ends with a soliloquy â€Å"if I do not take pity of her, I am a villain! If I do not love her, I am a Jew† [Lines 239-240].This line is from Benedicks’ soliloquy. It shows the audience a different side of Benedick and leaves them, wondering if he will really love Beatrice, or if he is doing it for himself, his pride and honour. By not having Benedick makes this clear Shakespeare builds tension because the audience left knows that something important has not been said this makes the audience feel involved and manipulates our sympathies. When Benedick hears Claudio, Don Pedro and Leonato discussing Beatrice’s love for him, Benedick admits to being â€Å"horribly in love with her,† [Act 2 Scene 3 Line 215]. Beatrice is the niece of Leonato, and is close friends with her cousin Hero, Leonato’s daughter. Beatrice is feisty, witty, clever and sharp and Shakespeare portrays her as being almost like the female version of Benedick. Beatrice keeps a â€Å"merry war† of wits, with Benedick. The play suggests that she was once in love with Benedick but that he led her on and their relationship ended. In the comic there was a conversation between Don Pedro and Beatrice that suggests this, Don Pedro says â€Å"You have lost the heart of Signior Benedick.† Beatrice replies â€Å"Indeed, my lord, he lent it to me awhile, and I gave him used for it, a double heart for a single on. Marry, once before he won it of me with false dice: therefore your Grace may well say I lost it.† [Act 2 Scene 1 Lines 245] Similar to Benedick, Beatrice refuses to marry because she has not found the perfect, equal partner. Beatrice rages with fury at Claudio for mistreating her cousin, and rebels against the unequal status of women in Renaissance society. For example, in Act 4 scene 1 Line 309-310 she says, â€Å"O that I were a man for his sake! Or that I had any friend would be a man for my sake!† And in Act 4 Scene 1 Line 313-315 she passionately says: â€Å"I cannot be a man with wishing, therefore I will die a woman with grieving†¦Ã¢â‚¬  This tells us that Beatrice is frustrated because in the Renaissance Society that she lives in women had no equal rights. It also shows the audience that Beatrice is very independent for her time. Early in the play Shakespeare presents Benedick and Beatrice as individuals that will never get married. Beatrice says â€Å"I had rather hear my dog bark at a crow than a man swear he loves me†¦Ã¢â‚¬  [Act 1 Scene 1 Lines 107-108]. Beatrice puts herself out of reach from Benedick and from all men. Benedick also says, â€Å"It is certain I am loved of all ladies, only you excepted. And I would I could find it in my heart that I had not a hard heart, for truly I love none†¦Ã¢â‚¬  [Act 1 Scene 1 Lines 101- 104], he describes himself to be a ‘ladies man’ every woman loves him apart from Beatrice. At this point both of them are sure they will never marry or fall in love. In Act 2 Scene 3, Leonato, Don Pedro and Claudio work together to try and convince Benedick that Beatrice is in love with him. Benedick unknowingly finds himself caught in the position of being the one deceived. He thinks that he is eavesdropping on his friends, but, they deliberately speak louder so that he will hear them. In this scene Benedick realises that he is in love with Beatrice. In a soliloquy Benedick says that there is no shame in changing his mind about marriage, and declares, â€Å"I will be horribly in love with her†¦. the world must be peopled. When I said I would die a bachelor, I did not think I should live till I were married† [Act 2 scene 3 Lines 207-215]. This speech gives the audience an emotional glimpse into Benedick’s generous and compassionate heart. Although Beatrice comes across as being very sharp, she is vulnerable. Once she overhears Hero describing that Benedick is in love with her, she opens herself to the sensitiveness and weakness of love. Beatrice is overwhelmed by the fact that Benedick is in love with her, Benedick and Beatrice both change after the â€Å"trick†. No one can trick you into loving someone you either do or you don’t. One of the ways that Shakespeare makes Act 2 Scene 3 entertaining for the audience is by using hyperbole. In this scene Claudio describes Beatrice’s feelings for Benedick by saying she, â€Å"Weeps, sobs, beats her heart, tears her hair, prays, curses- ‘O sweet Benedick! God give me patience!† [Act 2 Scene 3 Lines 140]. This use of hyperbole serves two different purposes, firstly Claudio uses it to persuade and convince Benedick of the depth of Beatrice’s love for him and that what he is overhearing is the truth. Secondly, Shakespeare uses this hyperbole for the audience’s benefit; to entertain them and to create comedy. It shows Don Pedro, Claudio and Leonato enjoying them at Benedick’s expense, exaggerating to show that Beatrice is a mess because she is torn between desperately keeping her feelings secret, and letting Benedick know about her love for him. Don Pedro, Claudio and Leonato realise that they have to be very convincing and put on a good show to fool Benedick. Another way in which Shakespeare makes this scene entertaining for the audience is by having Benedick very quickly change his opinion about love. Part of the comedy in this scene is watching Benedick start off very clear about his life and his position about women, and see him at the start of Act 2 Scene 3 mocking men who laugh at other men for being in love but then fall in love themselves, and then by the end of Act 2 scene 3, Benedick has fallen in love himself. He is completely changed and has become very romantic, and he has no doubts about his feelings for Beatrice. Shakespeare makes this entertaining for the audience by having Benedick go through a complete change of mind. Shakespeare adds to the entertainment at the end of this scene by having Benedick interpret Beatrice’s action as evidence of her being in love with him, â€Å"You Take pleasure then in the message!† [Act 2 Scene 3 Lines 231] Beatrice who is innocent to all of the trickery dismisses him and teases him like she always does, â€Å" Yea, just so much as you may take upon a knife’s point, and choke a daw withal† [Act 2 Scene 3 Lines 232-323]. Beatrice is unaware of any change in Benedick. During the course of the play Shakespeare uses different types of wordplay to convey the characters thoughts and feelings; he also uses different types of themes such as jealousy, Hate, Love, and self deception. Shakespeare uses a lot of figurative language in his plays this helps to show the characters is feeling and it helps to convey emotional intensity. Beatrice and Benedick’s playful relationship is in contrast to the more romantic and serious relationship between Claudio and Hero. Hero and Claudio’s relationship provides the romantic plot line in the comedy, and they tend to speak in verse. However through the use of language, Shakespeare presents them as being more artificial and sentimental in the way they view love. Three quarters of the play is written in prose, similar in structure to the English spoken today. The use of prose in the play shows the down to earth approach of the verbal play fighting between Beatrice and Benedick. Beatrice and Benedick use a lot of prose and most of the plays comedy depends on this. An example of this is in Act 1 Scene 1 Lines 218, Benedick says, â€Å"If I do, hang me in a bottle like a cat, and shoot me.† Here he is saying if he ever falls in love (with Beatrice) then Don Pedro should hang him in a wicker basket, which the Elizabethans’ used for target practice and kill him, like they would kill a cat. In ‘Much Ado About Nothing’ the use if imagery provides insight into the characters and stirs the audiences imagination. An example of it is when Claudio says, â€Å"O ay; stalk on, stalk on, the fowl sits.† [Act 2 Scene 3 Lines 90] Claudio says this to Don Pedro and Leonato, he is using a metaphor for hunting, and is saying move quietly, they prey does not suspect, and gives the impression that Benedick is their prey, and they are stalking him, getting ready to shoot. This also creates Dramatic Irony as the audience is given information that the characters on stage do not have which creates a sense of anticipation. When Shakespeare wrote ‘Much Ado About Nothing’, society’s values and traditions were different from what they are now. In Elizabethan times it was common for, parents and friends to act as matchmakers. They selected the husband, performed careful examination of his economic prospects, and they brought the couple together to find out if there were any strong feelings of dislike between them, in order to ensure that the couple would get along in marriage. In ‘Much Ado about Nothing’ this type of arranged relationship is shown between Hero and Claudio. In Elizabethan times parents did not advocate ‘forced’ marriages because they knew that the best marriages were the ones that were equally consensual and desired by both parties. In the play Hero was happy to marry Claudio, and she accepted the arrangement.

Analyzing The Thoughts Of Ancient Philosophers - 932 Words

Analyzing the Thoughts of Ancient Philosophers 3 Major Ideas from The Republic Books 1-5 The Republic is exemplary in showing the knowledge of the philosophers of Socrates and Plato’s day. Socrates’ argument of â€Å"what justice is† shows many dynamics and layers within his mind. Socrates will never start a conversation with someone else without being able to get a new thought completely fabricated from their own mind. He is a very intelligent philosopher; proven by the fact that he can jump start a conversation and watch it go for ages between many men while never giving his two cents. When the topic of what justice is comes up between Socrates and the other men, he never once tells the men what he thinks during the first few books of The Republic, he just has points to refute all of their suggestions. As stated in A Companion to Socrates, Socrates’ impact on the world with his philosophical teaching was tremendous, and he owes it all to the teaching habits and skills that he obtained throughout the years. (Ahbel) His willingness to provide a topic and then watch it unfold between many other arguers was a quality that allowed many students to learn from themselves, just through the help of Socrates. He wasn’t the sort of teacher that would talk at his students, he liked to have them scour their own brains and come up with their own knowledge and ideas. In The Republic, Socrates demonstrates these skills specifically toward a few major ideas. When Thrasymachus tells his ideaShow MoreRelatedInfluence Of A Great Philosopher And The Metaphysic Of Divine Providence1162 Words   |  5 PagesThe Influence of a Great Philosopher and the Metaphysic of Divine Providence. 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Learn About Where Polar Bears Live

Polar bears are the largest bear species. They can grow to from 8 feet to 11 feet tall and about 8 feet long, and they can weigh in anywhere from 500 pounds to 1,700 pounds. They are easy to recognize due to their white coat and dark eyes and nose. You may have seen polar bears in zoos, but do you know where these iconic marine mammals live in the wild? Knowing can help us help this threatened species survive. There are 19 different populations of polar bears, and all live in the Arctic region. This is the area that is north of the Arctic Circle, which lies at 66 degrees, 32 minutes North latitude. Where to Go If Youre Hoping to See a Polar Bear in the Wild United States (Alaska)Canada, including the provinces and territories of Manitoba, Newfoundland, Labrador, Quebec, Ontario, Nunavut, Northwest Territories, and Yukon Territory)Greenland/DenmarkNorwayRussian Federation Polar bears are native to the countries above and occasionally are found in Iceland. A polar bear range map from the IUCN can be seen to view populations. You can see live footage of polar bears in Manitoba. If you want to see a polar bear in a completely non-native region, you can check out the polar bear camera from the San Diego Zoo. Why Polar Bears Live in Such Cold Areas Polar bears are suited to cold areas because they have thick fur and a layer of fat that is 2 inches to 4 inches thick that keeps them warm despite the frigid temperatures. But the main reason they live in these cold areas is that that is where their  prey  resides. Polar bears feed on ice-loving species, such as seals (ringed and bearded seals are their favorites), and sometimes walruses and whales. They stalk their prey by waiting patiently near holes in the ice. This is where the seals surface, and therefore where the polar bears can hunt. Sometimes they swim below the ice to hunt, directly in the freezing water. They can spend time on land and not just on ice banks, so long as there is access to food. They can also sniff out where seal dens are for another means to find food. They need the fat from the seals to survive and prefer these types of high-fat creatures. The range of polar bears is limited by the southern extent of sea ice. This is why we commonly hear about their habitats being threatened; less ice, fewer places to thrive. Ice is essential for the survival of polar bears. They are a species that is threatened by global warming. You can help polar bears in small ways by reducing your carbon footprint with activities such as walking, riding a bike or using public transportation instead of driving; combining errands so that you use your car less; conserving energy and water, and buying items locally to cut down on the environmental impacts of transportation.

Sexual Harassment And The Social Movement Essay - 1511 Words

Sexual harassment is a pressing issue that occurs on all platforms of the world we live with. It is unfortunately so very common, that is overlooked. Whether it is at the workplace or at home or even on the streets, it has a presence that is at times hard to distinguish from â€Å"just a bit of friendliness†, to a presence that is blatantly inappropriate. As unfortunate as it is, this issue does not hold black and white qualities, but rather falls in the grey area very often. Although it would appear to be a rather ignorant and uninformed claim to state that the conduct of sexual harassment occurs mainly through male to female interaction, rather through female to male interaction, statistics convey the notion that this statement holds truth in it. This truth is derived from rooted issues of gender that are ingrained in today’s society. Gender issues have caused a need for the social movement of feminism. Interestingly, this social movement itself has a strong interrela tionship with gender power relationships and sexual harassment patterns. Feminism is a method of fighting sexual harassment, however, unfortunately, all it does is aggravate that negative behaviour, rather than mitigate it. This essay will explain, evaluate and critically discuss all the above statements from a sociological perspective. It is vital to disclose that for the purposes of this essay, the focus will be on heterosexual sexual harassment. On the face of it, sexual harassment can be simply defined asShow MoreRelatedThe Code Of Conduct For Armed Forces1413 Words   |  6 Pagesdiscrimination, harassment, conflicts of interest, customer confidence issues, and/or use of corporate resources. The Armed Forces of the United States deals with major issues involving sexual assault/harassment and soldiers. Discovery. 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Military Industrial Complex Free Essays

President Eisenhower raises numerous questions to the state of America in his farewell address. The Military-Industrial Complex is a term he created to define monetary and foreign policy in the 1950’s and 60’s. It is a policy that invests most of its money to military. We will write a custom essay sample on Military Industrial Complex or any similar topic only for you Order Now It is suggested that the United States puts too much influence in its military and that it is a very imperialistic ideal. President Eisenhower also states its effects on American economy, politics, and spirit under the Military-Industrial Complex. His farewell address was a warning, that if America does not control its military investments, it will develop the Military-Industrial Complex. The economical outcome of building a large military creates less funding for other American Institutions. The more money spent on manufacturing weapons, tanks, aircraft and other palpable material will be money not spent on education, healthcare, and social security. However, if America decided to keep funding institutions other than military and was unable to fund more military institutions, the Military-Industrial Complex will find the need to borrow money and/or weapons internationally which would raise the national debt. America would not be able to develop a more educated generation if it were to impose a Military-Industrial Complex. More consequences could involve lower standards of living for Americans or an imperialistic foreign policy. From a political standpoint, building a strong military could influence political relationships around the world. Other countries, as well as ours, currently view America as the supreme super-power of the world. As much common knowledge as this is, it is argued that within human nature is the need to conquer, and because America has a large military, it will be used to involve themselves in foreign affairs, much like the Vietnam War, where American idealists wanted to bring democratic justice to that country. It is a very modernistic ideal that America should have a strong military, and not be needed to use it. However, this is never the case. In Chalmers Johnson’s book, Blowback, he describes the presence of military establishments in Japanese territory. The term Blowback was created by Johnson, and adapted by the CIA after the events on September 11th, 2001 to describe the events that occur resulting from clandestine operations in other countries. The military bases greatly affected the society of the Japanese civilization near them. Johnson describes an instance in his book where a soldier from one of the bases was driving and hit and killed a Japanese civilian. The soldiers would go to their nightclubs and eat at their restaurants. Their tanks and mortar field tests would leave large holes in Japanese mountains. American influence in other countries would be viewed as imperialistic and is just another trait of the Military-Industrial Complex that Eisenhower describes. America is viewed as the land of opportunity where you can be healthy, happy, and successful. However, it can be viewed as a nation that imposes their military power on other countries. Many immigrants come to America and bring their values with them. Many citizens do not agree with the need to be involved in many foreign affairs. American values of world peace are often hypocritical when the military involves themselves in Iraq and Afghanistan. Spiritually, the Military-Industrial Complex can cause a lack of integrity and pride. Eisenhower’s warning is still being examined even today. Many worry that President Barack Obama’s foreign policy is beginning to impose onto other countries. The term that Eisenhower coined in the 1960’s can be applied to the today’s situation politically and economically. How to cite Military Industrial Complex, Papers

Case Study of Dick-Free-Samples for Students-Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Identify the relevant issues in this scenario and advise on the law governing each issue and apply it to this scenario. Answer: Issue According to the case study, the issue has found that whether Dick has any ground to have parental leaves for his children and save his employment or not? Rules Under the Irish Law, the Workplace Relation Commission (WRC) describes the different legislations of Employment Rights and Duties for the employers. As per the employment rights, the employers get the comprehensive rights on the Employment Labor and Equity Law (Taylor and Emir 2015). The Employment Act 1994 provides the rights by which employees make can avail basic employment rights while they receive their employment. According to the terms of the employment, there are several terms where the employer and employee can entitle to the contract (Painter and Holmes 2015). It includes the rights of work date of commencement job title pay details terms and conditions relating to hours of work, and the period of notice The Employment Equality Act 1998 to 2011 helps to provide discrimination free grounds of employment, which protects employees from age, sex, religion, race, disability, marital status and many more. This act provides a fair employment for the employees in their workplace. The Safety, Health Welfare at Work Act 2005 ensure the protection for the employees in their workplace. This act provides duties and responsibilities of the employers towards their employees, which are related with the healthy and safety environment in the workplace. This act helps to protect every employee from hazardous in the employees workplace. When employees entitled to the employment contract, the contract deals with several terms which are the rights of work, job title, date of commencement, pay details, terms and conditions relating to hours of work and the period of notice, which the employer and employee are, required to give to terminate the contract. According to the employment contract, it consists with various leaves like annual leave, sick leave and sick pay, other types of leave from work, public holidays, parental leave, Carers leave, maternity leave, adoptive leave and paternity leave. Parental Leave Act 1998 provided the rights to parents to take parental leaves from their employment for taking care to their children. Under the European Union (Parental Leave) Regulations 2013 amended the parental leave for the children who are aged about 14 weeks to 18 weeks. This leave amendment provide extended leaves for the children who have long-term illness. Under this parental leaves, no employment rights get affected (Painter and Holmes 2015). The Paternity Leave and Benefit Act 2016 has stated the legislations for the parental leave where the person other than the mother can take leave from employment for the case of the child. The provisions apply to births and adoptions of the child and extended till 6 months of the process. In this term, the employment depends according to the employment contract. Sometimes according to the employment policies, during the paternity leaves the employer may not pay the person (Taylor and Emir 2015). The Carer's Leave Act 2001 provides the leave permit for those employees who want to take care for any person for temporarily to full time care. The employee is entitled to take leaves of at least 13 weeks up to a maximum of 104 weeks. Application According to the case fact, Jean Dark has died during her complicated labour time and her 6 weeks early child survives. Dick Francis is the father of the child who is the only person left in the house to take care of their child. When he applied for the parental leave for 1 year, the Phoenix Park did not allow him for that. Later his father also suffered due to sudden stroke and moved with, he is also require for a proper care (Taylor and Emir 2015). Now according to the Employment contract in Ireland, Dick has right to claim for leave according to the Parental Leave Act 1998, Paternity Leave and Benefit Act 2016 and Carer's Leave Act 2001for his new born child and father. The newborn childs mother has died due to the complicated pregnancy. Therefore Dick is needed a long-term parental leave for his child. For the term of his newborn child, he can take leaves for 6 months under the Paternity Leave and Benefit Act 2016. As the mother has died, the child needs extra care for at least 1 year. Therefore, Parental Leave Act 1998 provides the leaves for Dick where he can take leave for at least 14 weeks to 18 weeks. The leaves will not affect Dicks employment according to the laws under these employment legislations (Painter and Holmes 2015). Conclusion According to the case study, Dick has right to take leaves for his newborn child and sick father from his employment. References Barnard, C., 2014. EU employment law and the European Social Model: the past, the present and the future. Current Legal Problems, 67(1), pp.199-237. Countouris, N., 2016. The changing law of the employment relationship: comparative analyses in the European context. Routledge. Emir, A., 2016. Selwyn's law of employment. Oxford University Press. Painter, R. and Holmes, A., 2015. Cases and materials on Employment Law. Oxford University Press, USA. Taylor, S. and Emir, A., 2015. Employment law: an introduction. Oxford University Press, USA.