How Language Develops Within Individuals - 2333 Words

The main focus of this essay will be on how language develops within individuals. It will explore theories put forward by different linguists such as Skinner, and Chomsky. Different theories put forward by these two linguists will be analysed in detail such as, ‘behaviourism, ‘operant conditioning’ and ‘language acquisition theory.’ The essay will then move on to explore two disorders of language, (Down syndrome (DS) and Autism spectrum disorder (ASD)) by analysing previous research, and the different theories put forward by different linguists of how these disorders can effect language development within different individuals. Throughout the essay, attention will be given to the extent to which this can inform our understanding of how language typically develops, and this will also be discussed. ‘Interest in this cognitive domain stems from the fact that language is one of the most prominent markers of intellectual impairment, which affects development in many ways (e.g., academically, socially, personally).’ (Ypilsanti and Grouios 2008). In the 1950’s, Skinner put forward his theory about language and how it develops in children. His theory suggested that we as humans behave in the way we do due to consequences that we have experienced in the past through other people behaving or saying certain things. Skinner’s theory suggested that children grow to develop their language due to environmental cues around them, such as people talking around them, and giving them cues onShow MoreRelatedLanguage Between Language And Language1680 Words   |  7 PagesLanguage arose out of a need to communicate ideas and commands. Initially it was very basic, but in its current form language is very complex. It a adapted to the changing need of speakers. In this sense, language is a living entity which evolves in response to the changing cultural context in which it exists. Because language evolves in response to culture, the full quality of its meaning is derived from understanding the context in which it takes place. Edu cators must be aware of the socioculturalRead MoreRelationship Between Educational Staff And Children s Language And Literacy Learning1397 Words   |  6 Pages(Newsletter Artical) Explain the value of working in partnership with parents/families to support children’s language and literacy learning. The value of working in partnership with parents/ families is as follows, Firstly this is a collaborative relationship between Educational staff, the child/ student and their families. The value of working with parents and families to support children’s language and literacy are important as this gives the educational staff to communicate with the parties involvedRead MoreLanguage Struggle With Communication In Children1026 Words   |  5 PagesASD Individuals with ASD having varying degrees of language capabilities but all seem to struggle with communication, social aspects of language and knowing when to use specific social mannerisms. Only a very small percentage of individuals with ASD are fully non-verbal which could be attributed to treatment availability and the fact that high-functioning cases are easier to detect than they used to be. Language delay is often one of the first symptoms that parents notice in children with ASD.Read MoreHow Makaton Is Used By Children And Adults With Children With Disabilities1593 Words   |  7 Pagesbasic means of communication and encourages language development in children and adults with communication difficulties† (Mukherji et al, 2000, Pg. 94). The Makaton vocabulary was designed in 1972 by Marget Walker, she came up with the idea of Makaton through responding and working towards to needs of deaf adults with severe difficulties. Grove et al (1990) highlights that through working with these adults she was looking at signing to teach them language and communication skills. This shows that WalkerRead MoreThe Theory Of Social Self970 Words   |  4 Pagesbetween society and the individual. Mead describes the structure of the phases of the self through the Theory of Social Self, which includes the relationship and progression of the â€Å"I† and â€Å"me†, this then allows social processes to shape both the individual and society together through language, play, and game. Mead developed the Theory of Social Self to show how the self emerges from social interactions. According to Mead, at birth we do not have a self, however over time we develop self through socialRead MoreWhat Is The Importance Of Language In The Film Arrival1556 Words   |  7 Pages Individuals go through their everyday lives using language as a means to communicate with others. As individuals communicate, they speak the language but are only taking in what is on the surface. Words are being taken in but are not understood at a deeper level which can lead to a misunderstanding or miscommunication between both parties. This dilemma is demonstrated in the film Arrival, directed by Denis Villeneuve. The protagonists, Louse Banks and Ian Donnelly, are studying and learning theRead MoreAfrican Diaspora Identity : History, Race, Culture, And Language1147 Words   |  5 Pages Diaspora identity is when a group of individuals is displaced from a country of origin and must migrate to a new homeland. In some cases, the migration is forced whereas in others it is voluntary but forced through circumstances. The process of identity becomes central as those that migrate are forced to determine what it means to be a member of a new culture while still maintaining their own heritage and traditions. One way that culture can be honored is through literature. When considering diasporaRead MoreThe Theory Of Language Development1606 Words   |  7 PagesP1 Language development Biological approach- Noam Chomsky believes that the ability to develop any sort of communication and language is genetically programmed into us. Because children develop language very fast it is likely that the ability to use language is genetically programmed within us like standing and walking is. We need experience from people around us to use language but we do not need to be trained to speak. Behaviourist approach- B.F. Skinner believes that language is developed throughRead MoreChildren Of Secondary School Level, And The Process Of Referral Involved1415 Words   |  6 Pages and the process of referral involved. The report will demonstrate the support needs of an individual within the school and the common problems that may factor into the care and development of the child and how the school can support them, information detailing the strategies in place within the school and how staff within the school along with outer agencies collaborate together to insure each individuals needs are being met and the policies and procedures in place to insure the quality of the serviceRead MoreThe Curriculum And Expression Of A System Of Personal Values975 Words   |  4 PagesTeaching units are in place as a guide to teachers to the expectations of student development and learning. â€Å"The syllabus is designed to develop enjoyment of English and an appreciation of its value and role in learning.† (BOSTES, 2009) Within the 7-10 curriculum students are encouraged to engage with a range of texts that encompass broad uses of language and literature in many contexts from Shakespeare to children’s literature and advertisements. Students are examining these topics to â€Å"support the

Computer Components and Latest Devices - 2431 Words

1.0 INTRODUCTION Science and technology constantly evolving and changing. The latest released product will surpassed the earliest. The earliest will only become a history. Therefore, computer scientist are striving to develop and finding the newest and ideal to fulfill the need of users. This assignment aimed to identify the computer components, its function, its importance as well as the latest and the future technologies of the pointing devices, central processing unit (CPU), memory, disk controller, disk, and monitor. 2.0 POINTING DEVICES Pointing device is an input devices that is used to allow user to input data to a computer. It is connected to the computers or laptops using a USB, PS/2, serial, or Bluetooth connection (Tyler,†¦show more content†¦The Magic cube however is android and iPhone compatible because it combines mouse, keyboard, and handwriting recognition functionality. It has the potential in the future to be easily customized to different layouts. Beside that, the Leap Motion Controller can be used by using finger and hand movements in the air to communicate with the computers and the other devices (Anand, 2013). Currently computer scientist have been working on 3D computer screens that react to the users hand moving behind the monitor display (BBC, 2013). The 3D monitor screens enable users to reach in, touch and interact with the objects inside the display. They believes the 3D screens will breakdown boundaries and make the digital experience feel more real. For the future used, many computer scientist is now conducting research in searching a new ways to interact with computers (Graham-Rowe, 2011) include voice control, gesture control and eye controlled gaze, emotionally intelligent interface (Rubens, 2012). 2.0 SIX COMPONENTS OF A COMPUTER CPU is the heart to any computing system (Posinasetti, n.d.). It also known as processor which is the center of all activities responsible for changing raw data into the required information inside the computer. The function of CPU is to execute the stored software instructions, turning data into information. Users are able to communicate with CPU through input devices (Marini et al, 2012). As integrated part of CPU, memory isShow MoreRelatedComputer Numerical Control Machines763 Words   |  3 Pages Computer Numerical Control (CNC) machines Introduction Computer Numerical Control machines (aka CNC) is automatic milling machines that produce industrial components without human support. They utilize pre-programmed set of commands that are sent to an internal computer, which facilitates industrial units to manufacture parts precisely and rapidly. There are various types of CNC machines from drills to plasma cutters available in the market to manufacture extensive range of components. HoweverRead MoreThe latest open source software available and the latest development in ICT1048 Words   |  5 Pages CONTENT 1.0 Introduction 1.1 Meaning of :-open source software -hardware - software 2.0 The Latest Open Source Operating System(OS) 2.1 Meaning of Open Source OS 2.2 Examples of Open Source OS 3.0 The Latest Open Source Application Software 3.1 Meaning of open source application software 3.2 Examples of open source application software 4.0 The Latest Development in ICT 4.1 Hardware 4.2 Software 5.0 Pervasive Computing 5.1 Meaning of pervasive computing 5.2 ExamplesRead MoreApplication Of A Technical Document1463 Words   |  6 PagesThe purpose of this technical document is to provide guidance to customize a personal computer. It is targeted for those individuals with a minimal knowledge about components of a computer but also extends up to students, faculties, and staffs who relies on their PCs to perform their everyday tasks. This design report is inspired by the fact that most of the computers available in the market today are not a perfect fit to a specific user’s application and are very expensive. Therefore, this documentRead MoreDesktops And All Of One Pcs Essay1566 Words   |  7 PagesPersonal Computers Figure 3: J McArthur, (2014), All in One PC [ONLINE]. Available at: http://www.techreviewer.co.uk/2015-time-to-kiss-your-desktop-goodbye/ [Accessed 9 November 2016]. Desktops and All in One PCs Next, desktops are electronic computer systems that stay in one location for quite a while and only moved if needed to reduce space, the whole reason they are justified as desktop personal computers is they stand statically on top of a desk hence the identity. Desktops can be categorisedRead MoreCurrent and Future Development of Open Source Software and Latest Development in ICT1141 Words   |  5 Pagesof Open Source Software and Latest Development in ICT Name: IC Number: Group Member: Muhammad Fauzi Bin Mohd Eshar (961226-14-5417) Ismail Bin Abdul Mutalib (960409-02-5165) Teacher Name: Fatimah Binti Ismail Content 1.0  Ã‚  Ã‚  Introduction 2.0   Ã‚  Ã‚  The Latest Open Source Operating System (OS) 2.1  Ã‚  Ã‚  Meaning of Open Source OS 2.2   Ã‚  Ã‚  Examples of Open Source OS 2.2.1  Ã‚  Ã‚  Linux 2.2.2  Ã‚  Ã‚  Kubuntu 3.0   Ã‚  Ã‚  The Latest Open Source Application SoftwareRead MoreAdvantages and Disadvantages of Using Computers. Summary1083 Words   |  5 Pagesintroduction to computer Chapter 1 A meaning of computer A Computer is an electronic device, operating under the control of instructions stored in its own memory There are three process of computer 1. Collects data (input) 2. Processing 3. Produces information (output) The Components of a Computer A computer contains many electric, electronic, and mechanical components known as hardware. There are five type of the components of computer. 1.Input Devices is any hardwareRead MoreHistory Of Computers During World War II948 Words   |  4 PagesHistory of Computers Introduction In today’s modern world, it’s hard to imagine life without computers. Throughout the decades, computers have gotten better, faster, and smaller. It’s hard to imagine that before the 20th century almost all calculations were done by mechanical devices such as the electromechanical computers; or, the first digital computers that had huge tubes around them that you had to designate a whole room just to fit the computer in. Today we have Internet, phone book, picturesRead MorePrinciples Underlying Operating System ( Os )1586 Words   |  7 PagesPrinciples Underlying Operating System: An Operating System (OS) is a manager which manages hardware and software components and makes them usable to the end user. There are many operating systems available to use such as Windows, Android, Linux and Apple OS. All operating systems (OS) are designed with some fundamental principles keeping in mind. Every operating system makes the hardware to be used and generating high performance. Security is one of the fundamental principles which have to beRead MoreComparison of Mac Vs. PC Essay1002 Words   |  5 Pageshardware and the operating system. The hardware of the computer is basically all the key components that composes a computer. Basically, the four key components of computer to analyze is the CPU which is the brain of the computer, the motherboard which the heart of the computer, the RAM which is the memory processing device, and the graphics card which generates images onto the monitor. In addition to the computer hardware, the next part of the computer to analyze is the operating system. Worldnetweb definesRead MoreThe Mobile Operating System And How It Is Different From Desktop Operating Systems Essay1444 Words   |  6 PagesAbstract iOS is a mobile operating system designed by Apple Inc. to support Apple devices such as iPhone, iPad, and iPod. iOS provides various features including security and inbuilt iCloud. In this research paper, we are going to study the overview of the mobile operating system and how it is different from desktop operating system. Then, we are going to explore iOS operating system on various bases such as different layers of iOS, iDevices, its features, security and its limitations. Introduction

Essay On Anne Sexton - 891 Words

Context: Anne Sexton was an American poet born on November 9th, 1928 in Newton, Massachusetts and raised in Weston. Her family was successful economically wise and Sexton was raised in a middle-class environment; however, Sexton’s relationship with her parents were extremely strained and perhaps abusive; her father was an alcoholic. It was suggested that Sexton may have been sexually abused by her parents and felt that they were hostile to her. As such, Sexton sought refuge in her close relationship with Anne Dingley, her maiden great-aunt, as an escape from her broken family, which further lead to Sexton’s traumatization after Dingley’s mental collapse and subsequent hospitalization. After the birth of her first child in 1953, Sexton†¦show more content†¦For example, in the first stanza of the poem, Sexton invokes the objects that women are classified into, such as â€Å"my mouth and my breasts †¦ [and] the cosmetics and the silks† (3-4). Se xton furthers this with how she was â€Å"tired of being a woman† (1) and â€Å"tired of the gender things† (10). As the poem progresses into the second stanza, Sexton’s dream sequence, the theme of gender roles remains prevalent. The poem delves into the injustice that women face in a world controlled by man, citing the martyr and Catholic Saint, Joan of Arc, who was put to death with one of the charges being wearing men’s clothes. In addition, Sexton’s will to rid herself of gender is also clear in the third stanza, which she writes â€Å"I lost my common gender and my final aspect. / Adam was on the left of me / and Eve was on the right of me† (28-30). This may be interpreted as a metaphor, as Adam was the first male and Eve the first female human created by God as told by Christians, by placing Sexton between them, it could be said that Sexton is neither male nor female, but one who is freed from gender. The entire poem and many of its l iterary devices resonates strongly with the poet’s message; her hate of gender roles and identities. As such, Sexton effectively sent her central argument to her reader. Tone Mood: Consorting With Angels begins with a frustrated and angry tone, with Sexton describing the stereotypical gender roles that she is forcedShow MoreRelatedThe Abortion - Anne Sexton Essay785 Words   |  4 PagesThe Abortion by Anne Sexton is a first person narrative poem in the style of a stream of consciousness and conveys a womans emotional and physical journey whilst undergoing an abortion. I intend to discuss how through the effective use of imagery, tone, symbolism and word choice the poet successfully builds up an atmosphere which adds to your appreciation of the poem. Within stanzas one and two the poet uses imagery and word choice to convey that the narrator is thinking aboutRead More Anne Sexton: Poetry as Therapy Essay1439 Words   |  6 PagesAnne Sexton: Poetry as Therapy Many great literary and artistic geniuses have been troubled with deep depression and mental illness. Anne Sexton is an example of a poet with such problems who used her personal despair to inspire her poetic works. Not all of Sextons work is based solely on her mental health; but a good portion of her work is influenced by her constant bouts with depression. As she struggled to deal with her own marital infidelity and the problems associated with being a femaleRead MoreEssay about Analyzing Cinderella by Anne Sexton1787 Words   |  8 Pages  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Cinderella Cinderella is a childhood fairytale that we all love and remember. It is a tragedy that turns into love and happily ever after in the end. In contrast to this popular story, Anne Sextons version of Cinderella is a dark and twisted version of the classic fairy tale. It takes on a whole new perspective and is fairly different from the childhood fairytale that most of society knows. The poem takes less of a focus on the happy ever after in CinderellaRead MoreA Battle with Life in Wanting to Die by Anne Sexton Essay887 Words   |  4 PagesWanting to Die by Anne Sexton The poem Wanting to Die by Anne Sexton, explores a battle with life which many people endure. The speaker knows of the goodness of the world, yet she is unable to truly experience it because of her suicidal tendencies. She understands her feeling as more of an obsession with death rather than a hate for life. Though the speaker is still alive, she relapses, every so often, into the darkness of her soul. Through her vivid use of imagery, Sexton creates and Read MoreThe Comparison and Contrast of Anne Sexton and Sylvia Plath Essay example1646 Words   |  7 PagesComparison and Contrast of Anne Sexton and Sylvia Plath The two poems, â€Å"And One for My Dame† by Anne Sexton and â€Å"Daddy† by Sylvia Plath, both explore similar themes through the use of literary elements such as structure, tone and symbolism. Structures in each poem are alike with length but differ with the actual form. The tone Plath conveys is negative one while Sexton’s is more neutral. The symbolism in â€Å"Daddy† was also negative with symbols of the devil but Sexton used a nursery rhyme as a symbolRead MoreSonnet 116 by William Shakespeare1002 Words   |  4 PagesThere is a constant theme of love found consistently within many forms of literature. The reoccurring theme of love is indicated within two poems, Sonnet 116 written by Shakespeare and Cinderella by Anne Sexton. Love is like a diamond, extremely rare and difficult to find. Shakespeare and Anne Sexton surpassed many other author’s in being able to capture the theme of love in their pieces of literature. Sonnet 116, written by Shakespeare, is one of the most popular love poems to this day. The poemRead MoreThe Confessional Mode Of Poetry Essay1454 Words   |  6 Pagesit attempts to â€Å"transcend the self† and expose collective experience and embody the world outside the self (Waggoner, 506 qted in Lynn p43), a melting and â€Å"fusion of the private and the culturally symbolic† ( Rosanthal , 80 qted in Lynn p 43) . Anne Sexton (1928–1974) is one of the major American poets who had successfully achieved that sense of â€Å"fusion† while handling themes and issues that were perceived, at that time, as social taboos. Sexton’s epoch-echoing poem, â€Å"Her Kind† published in 1960,Read MoreAnalysis Of The Poem The Starry Night Essay2195 Words   |  9 PagesWriting Process? When someone thinks of the process of writing stories, poems, essay, etc.†¦ You tend to get nervous in how to start. The writing process is an approach to writing that entails the recursive phases of pre-writing, drafting, revising, editing, and publishing. Active Reading â€Å"Reading is an activity integral to the writing process. You may not associate reading with the difficult task of writing a college essay. After all, it seems like a passive activity, something you might do at a cafà ©Read MoreEssay about Hands time changes final872 Words   |  4 PagesDevan  Gadevaia   December  6,  2014   Final  essay  #4   Topic  #1   English  203k  Fall  2014   Hands:  time  changes  Ã‚      Sherwood   Anderson’s   story   â€Å"Hands†Ã‚   is   primarily   concerned   with   innocence   and   guilt.   Ochani  Lele   states  Ã¢â‚¬Å"A  pair  of  hands  can  create,  inspire,  instill  dreamsÍ ¾Ã‚  while  those  same   hands  can   destroy,   diffuse,  and   install  nightmares.†Ã‚  (Lele)  Through  Anderson’s  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Hands†Ã‚   it  suggest  that  something  innocent  can  be  quickly  distorted  into  something  grotesque.   In   society   today   teachers  Read MoreThe Relationship Between Body Image And Society1841 Words   |  8 Pagesboth positive and negative body image is a direct correlation with a woman s social worth. This essay will discuss how the relationship between body image and society is presented in a multitude of texts and how these views are differentiated depending on the decade they are published or created in. The topics being discussed will be the two poems â€Å"self in 1958† and â€Å"honor and obey†Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ written by Anne Sexton, two episodes from the Television Show â€Å"Buffy the Vampire slayer† and finally Naomi Wolf’s texts

Descartes First Meditation On The Existence Of God

Sara Simpson Final Paper Due: 12/06/2015 Professor Minglai Dong Descartes Third Meditation: Recommended Topic 2 Descartes’ third meditation on First Philosophy is all about the existence of God. There are many things that Descartes talks about in this meditation. His intentions are to create a set of proofs or arguments that will irrefutably prove God’s existence. He already believes that God exists but he is mainly trying to dispute the reasons why God might not exist or how God may be a deceiver. The definition of God to Descartes can be summed up as the ultimate perfect being that is infinite. As a rationalist, Descartes was interested in knowledge based on reason or logic. The existence of God was an important facet to his understanding, because the existence of such a being meant that his knowledge could be certain. Descartes says, â€Å"I think therefore I am. †He can say with metaphysical certainty that he exists due to his ability to think and to reason. He is certain that he exists and is a thinking thing that doubts, affirms, denies, etc. â€Å"I am a thing that thinks, that is to say, a thing that doubt, affirms, denies, understands a few things, is ignorant of many things, wills, refrains from willing, and also imagines and senses. (Descartes 70)† He then goes on to talk about math as an example of a certain and simple concept that is also true and important to him. â€Å"But what about when I considered something very simple and easy in the areas of arithmetic orShow MoreRelatedDescartes Belief in God Essay1503 Words   |  7 PagesDescartes and God In his groundbreaking work, Meditations on First Philosophy, the French philosopher Rene Descartes lays the groundwork for many philosophical principles by attempting to â€Å"establish a bold and lasting knowledge† (171)1. The foundations for knowledge Descartes established would go on to influence a plethora of other philosophers and philosophical works. Descartes argues in his meditations first from the point of view of complete skepticism, using skepticism as a tool in order toRead MoreAnalysis Of Descartes s The Six Meditations 1272 Words   |  6 Pagesthe six Meditations, Descartes comes to the conclusion that memories and dreams are deceptive and are not to be trusted. He discusses the existence of material objects, God, and himself. God exists and allows deception and Descartes’ ability to recognize that everything is false proves that he exists as well. He explains the difference between imagination and intellect, as well as the idea that the senses are dece ptive and that knowledge comes from the mind and reason. Descartes’ belief in God allowsRead More Descartes1226 Words   |  5 Pages The next stage in the system, as outlined in the Meditations, seeks to establish that God exists. In his writings, Descartes made use of three principal arguments. The first (at least in the order of presentation in the Meditations) is a causal argument. While its fullest statement is in Meditation III, it is also found in the Discourse (Part IV) and in the Principles (Part I  §Ã‚ § 17–18). The argument begins by examining the thoughts contained in the mind, distinguishing between the formal realityRead MoreDescartes Meditations On First Philosophy1712 Words   |  7 PagesDescartes’ Meditations on First Philosophy (1641) contains six Meditations. In the first two of these Descartes addresses doubt and certainty. By the end of the second Meditation Descartes establishes the possibility of certainty by concluding that he is a â€Å"thinking thing† and that this is beyond doubt. Having established the possibility of certainty, Descartes attempts to prove the existence of God. The argument he presents in the Third Meditation for the existence of God has been nicknamed theRead MoreDescartes Meditation Iii1297 Words   |  6 PagesIn the Mediations of First Philosophy Descartes tries to prove the existence of God in the third meditation. He does this by coming up with several premises that eventually add up to a solid argument. First, I will explain why Descartes ask the question, does god exist? And why does Descartes think he needs such and argument at this point in the text. Secondly, I will explain, in detail, the arguments that Descartes makes and how he comes to the conclusion that God does exist. Next, I will debateRead MoreEssay about Descartes Third Meditation: Proof of Gods Existence1382 Words   |  6 PagesDescartes Third Meditation: Proof of Gods Existence In Rene Descartes Meditations on First Philosophy, Descartes is seeking to find a system of stable, lasting and certain knowledge, which he can ultimately regard as the Truth. In his methodical quest to carry out his task, Descartes eventually arrives at the proverbial fork in the road: how to bridge the knowledge of self with that of the rest of the world. Descartes’ answer to this is to prove the existence of God. The purpose of this essayRead MoreComparing Aquinas And Descartes Arguments For The Existence Of God766 Words   |  4 PagesAquinas and Descartes both have arguments for the existence of God, with some similarities and a multitude of differences. Descartes presents two major premises in his argument with his degrees of reality principle and his casual adequacy principle. It is possible for Descartes to be influenced by Aquinas, but the arguments for the same thing differ greatly that even if any inspiration Descartes could have pulled from Aquinas work is minimal , to say the least. Comparing Aquinas and Descartes they bothRead MoreAnalysis Of Rene Descartes s Meditations On First Philosophy 1399 Words   |  6 Pages Rene Descartes was born in in La Haye, France, in 1596 and he studied at La Fleche Jesuit College and University of Poitiers. Descartes also lived in Germany, Holland and Sweden. He then worked in the army as a private councillor and then as a court philosopher. Descartes book ‘Meditations on First Philosophy’ was first published in 1641. The edition used to write this essay was edited by John Cottingham and was published by the Cambridge University Press in 1996. Descartes was the first philosophyRead MoreDescartes and God Essay820 Words   |  4 PagesDescartes and God Everywhere in this world there are debates on many things. Logic is often employed in order to understand and come to an agreement on these debated topics. One such topic, which is arguably the greatest topic of debate occurring in modern day, is the existence of God. Sure, many people believe in some sort of higher being, but how many of them try and use logic and rational thought to prove the existence of God. Many probably, however we will only look at one such person.Read MoreEssay on Mediations of First Philosophy by Descartes1296 Words   |  6 PagesMediations of First Philosophy by Descartes In the â€Å"Mediations of First Philosophy† Descartes tries to prove the existence of God in the third meditation. He does this by coming up with several premises that eventually add up to a solid argument. First, I will explain why Descartes ask the question, does god exist? And why does Descartes think he needs such and argument at this point in the text. Secondly, I will explain, in detail, the arguments that Descartes makes and how he comes to the conclusion

Tragedy Archetype- the Stranger Free Essays

The Tragedy Archetype: The Rebirth Within Prim Lerthirunvibul Y10D (Blue) The seven archetypes is a theory in which there are seven ways of story-telling namely Quest, Voyage and Return, Rebirth, Comedy, Overcoming the Monster, Rags to Riches and Tragedy. The Tragedy archetype is one of the seven archetypes used in story-telling mentioned by Christopher Booker in The Seven Basic Plots. This archetype is known to expect a specific reaction from the readers often using grief, destruction and death. We will write a custom essay sample on Tragedy Archetype- the Stranger or any similar topic only for you Order Now As the archetype manifests itself through time, there are many ways authors have interpreted the archetype through their stories. An element in the archetype that can be carefully observed is the notion of Rebirth where the main character eventually comprehends their misinterpretation of the world and their blunders which had caused their destruction, typically hubris. This suggests that there is a part of the Rebirth archetype in the Tragedy archetype. The question is, is tragedy a type of the rebirth archetype? The absurdist novel entitled The Stranger (The Outsider), also known as L’Etranger by Albert Camus clearly portrays the rebirth in the story but is still engulfed by the tragedy concepts seen in many literature examples. â€Å"Once you’re up against it, the precise manner of your death has obviously small importance† (Camus, 71). The Stranger, written by Albert Camus is a tragedy book based on the story plot of a man named Meursault who is a psychologically and socially detached individual. He is also known to be amoral, not caring or knowing what is right or wrong and sees feelings in a physical sense. In one scene of the book, his mother had passed away and instead of grieving, he impassively looks at his mother’s grave and refuses the re-opening of the casket, which surprises many. He is also not responsive to human emotions such as desires and love. When the prospect of marriage was mentioned by his recent lover, Marie Cardona, he responds with â€Å"If she was keen on it, we’d get married. † (28, Camus. ) The Stranger can go under the tragedy archetype where it is classified by Booker as ‘the hero as a monster’ since Meursault himself is the cause of his own death. This happened since he stopped a friend, Raymond Sintes from shooting an Arab who was his â€Å"mistress’s† brother. And for no apparent reason, he came back and killed the Arab with a gun. A factor that may have affected his actions was probably because of the condition of the beach that was â€Å"pulsing with heat† (38, Camus). Although hubris is a common cause in the tragedy archetype, Meursault did not think of himself highly or more superior than others, but rather as an observer where reality is harsh for those who have no poignancy. He does not express himself much but with the reader as an observer as well, this creates the feeling of sadness for the main character even though he doesn’t experience much of it. As the titles of the book says, he is merely a victim tortured by the difference in perspectives, this small difference makes him unique, or even a threat to others. Not only did Meursault set up his own death, but the society in which he lived in contributed as well. The core of the consequences can be traced by Hamartia ( ), a Greek term meaning the fatal flaw of the hero which causes their death in the tragedy archetype story. In The Stranger, Meursault’s flaw can be seen as his lack of emotions and his frankness. Even though being emotionless does not affect his daily life or well-being, the environment of the situation created was greatly affected. An example is of how the people in court see him and how they also judge his beliefs, not for what he is, but what he says. When Meursault met a magistrate who tried to convert him, he called Meursault â€Å"Mr. Antichrist† (45, Camus) for being open and truthful about his beliefs, this then advocated his execution. Meursault sees things that other do not, which is one of the main causes of the resulting consequence. Humans often act on impulse, not by logic and the miscommunication between the other characters and Meursault creates conflict and sadly, the majority regularly wins in the tragedy archetype. The tragedy archetype is known to end with death, which is the norm for many stories, including The Stranger as well. Booker had also stated that the archetype sometimes involves the rebirth of the main character which usually comes before the tragic end of the main character. In comparison to Looking for Alaska, a modern novel written by John Green, The Stranger is more eye-opening since the concept of rebirth is directly experienced by the main character whilst the rebirth element in Looking for Alaska is not quite clear because the main character, Miles, continues on with his life as nearly the same person even though his friend, Alaska’s, death had a tremendous effect on other characters. With the longer lingering rebirth in The Stranger, Meursault finds comfort in the end where he becomes a ‘new person’ within himself, which proposes the idea of self-discovery. In his last moments, Meursault thoughts were â€Å"To feel it so like myself, indeed, so brotherly, made me realize that I’d been happy, and that I was happy still. † â€Å"For all to be accomplished, for me to feel less lonely, all that remained to hope was that on the day of my execution there should be a huge crowd of spectators and that they should greet me with howls of execration† (76, Booker). Even though the happiness was short, there was still a change in him as seen before the end of the book. In Booker’s analysis of the rebirth archetype, there are two types of rebirth which is physical and mental rebirth. An example of a physical rebirth could be found in the folktale of The Sleeping Beauty as she literally wakes up from her curse. A mental rebirth example could be found in Crash (2004), where a Farhad, a character realizes that his rage had clouded his judgment and he becomes calm and content, different from how he was from the start. The Stranger goes under the mental rebirth category since Meursault’s own conclusions resulted in the enrichment of his own mind as he begins to accept things in life. However, this does not necessarily mean that The Stranger can be directly ‘put under’ the Rebirth archetype. When referring to Booker’s analysis, it is stated that â€Å"we have only seen this return of light partially, ultimately insufficient to prevail against the forces of darkness which have been unleashed, and which eventually sweep the hero or heroine away† (Booker, 192). This means that in the tragedy archetype, ‘the light’ which is the rebirth of the character, can be seen only for a moment before it dissipates with the main character’s demise. This could be compared to a candlelight where it flickers in the dark but does not last forever since it cannot maintain the flame and eventually, will be engulfed by darkness, which is, the sins or the consequences that slowly yet surely, catch up to the main character. All in all, even though The Stranger contains the Rebirth of a character who wakes up from an inner sleep or obliviousness, the tragedy archetype had proved itself to be more complicated and deeper with many fundamentals and forms that had manifested overtime. This then revealed the inner workings of the archetype including the profound meanings in the book. It is difficult to justify realistic and life-like story into separate categories as there are many factors, emotions and feelings brought in different events. But as they say, the end justifies the means in this particular book where Meursault dies a miserable and solitude death within the clutches of society. Again, regardless of the light’ in the story, The Stranger is a tragedy story weaved with the rebirth archetype’s features which implies that the tragedy archetype could also contain mixes but still maintain its structure throughout history whether it is in an old-world or modern literature. In short, the tragedy archetype is one of the most interesting and riveting of the seven archetypes that seem basic; but with careful observation and research can prove to be a very useful way of story-telling that can be remembered by readers despite of the era or time in whic h the archetype had laid itself upon. Bibliography (Citations) Innovateus. â€Å"What Is Hamartia in Greek Tragedy? †Ã‚  What Is Hamartia in Greek Tragedy? Innovateus, 2011. Web. 02 Mar. 2013. Booker, Christopher. â€Å"Chapter 9: Tragedy. †Ã‚  The Seven Basic Plots: Why We Tell Stories. London: Continuum, 2004. N. pag. Print. Booker, Christopher. â€Å"Chapter 11: Rebirth. †Ã‚  The Seven Basic Plots: Why We Tell Stories. London: Continuum, 2004. N. pag. Print. â€Å"The Stranger. †Ã‚  SparkNotes. SparkNotes, 2013. Web. 02 Mar. 2013. How to cite Tragedy Archetype- the Stranger, Papers

George Frideric Handel Essay Example For Students

George Frideric Handel Essay George Frederick Handel (1685 1759) was a German born, English composer. Handel and Johann Sebastian Bach were the last of the Baroque Masters. Duringhis lifetime, Handel was known mainly as an opera composer and producer, but hisfame today came mainly on his English oratories, especially The Messiah (1742). His music has strength and simplicity. Handels operas are not often heard,but Largo, an aria from Serse, and other selections are sometimes playedin concerts. Handel was born in Halle and attended the University of Halle as astudent of law due to his fathers wishes. During his education there hisinterest in music awakened and this was aided by the three years of lessonsgiven to him by an organ player Wilhelm Zachow. In 1697 Handels father died,and no longer being subject to his wishes, Handel left Halle and went to Hamburgas a violin player in an orchestra. This spoiled his chances of becoming alawyer but improved his chances of success as an artist. Young Handel became askilled organist and harpsichordist, and after playing with an opera company inHamburg went to Italy in 1706 to study opera. In 1710 Handel became court musicdirector for the elector of Hanover. He immediately afterwards took a leave ofabsence and visited London for six months. He returned to London in 1712. Hispatro n was crowned King of England in 1714 and Handel remained, becoming aBritish subject in 1726. For more than 15 years Handel composed and producedItalian opera in London. Following the success of The Beggars Opera (1728),by Gay and Pepusch, Italian opera lost favor and Handel turn to oratorios. Handels parents wanted Handel to grow up in the profession of law, butmusic was in Handels blood. When Handels father soon realized this, hesent Handel away to study in Berlin. In Berlin, Handel was taught under thegreat composer Frideric Wilhelm Zachau. One of the great influences on Handle was while he was writing theMessiah in three weeks. Handle, before writing the Messiah, had rented atheatre for his own use, and though he had some successes, he had morefailures. He was bankrupt twice through his opera business. If Handel hadbeen more successful with his with his operas, we would never have had thegrand oratorios for which his name is most famous for now. This is becausewhen he had exhausted himself with the operas, he started to make theoratorios. He was the director of music in Italy for several years and hewas a composer of the Italian style music in England and even absorbed thecharacteristics of English music especially English Choral Music. Like was said before, Handel wrote many oratorios and operas. He didnthave many famous operas, but he had some. Some of his operas are: GiulioCasare, Tamerlano, Orlando, Alcina, and Serse. He had many differentoratorios though. Of the many, his one that he is most famous for is theMessiah for it is not so much dramatic as Meditative. I have included a fewpages from his play Israel in Egypt. The most famous instrument of his timewas a mixture of things, but he preferred the Violin while making theoperas and oratorios. My impression on Handel is that he was a very creative person alwaysthinking up new and recent ideas for his time. I would have liked to livehis life because he was able to sneak up to his attic late at night andbecause he made some very famous plays which are being revived and theoratorios like Messiah which are being said every Christmas by some family. Handel was probably inspired to write that wonderful music was heroichistorical figures for the plays and the Bible for the oratorios. I admiredHandel for his will to keep on making music after so many people made funof him with this song: Some say, compared to Buononcini That Mynheer Handels but a ninny; Others aver that he to Handel Is scarcely fit to hold a candle. Strange all this difference should be Twixt tweedle-dum and tweedle-dee.Bibliography1) The Book Of Knowledge The Grolier SocietyPublished by: The Amalgamated PressCopyright: 1926-352) The Prodigy Service- Interactive Peronal ServiceMade By: Grolier Electronic Publishing, Inc. Copyright: 1990